The Old Testament tells the story of Israel. Archaeological remains are not preserved, so most of our knowledge of the Hebrew people comes from the Bible itself.
According to the Bible, the Jewish people are descendants of Abraham, pastor who lived in Mesopotamia. God, Yahweh, promises Abraham many descendants, the Jewish people. It will be the chosen people. They should recognize Yahweh as the only Lord God and respect His Law, the Torah, a huge set of both religious rules for everyday.
Another of the great characters in the history of the Jewish people was Moses who led the people through the wilderness of Sinai, freeing from Egypt and showing the promised land.
About the X century B.C. Israel maintained a prosperous and independent state with kings David and Solomon. But soon there were great empires underwent Israel: the Assyrians, Babylonians, Alexander and Rome. Under the yoke of these empires were the prophets who managed to keep the Jewish people faithful to God despite living under.
Synagogues where the Jews had gathered to pray and rabbis commented sacred texts, but the only place of worship was the Temple of Jerusalem.

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